高居里溫度鐵酸鉍基陶瓷的研究進展

摘要: 鐵酸鉍-鈦酸鋇(BiFeO₃-BaTiO₃, BF-BT) 基陶瓷由于具有高的居里溫度T_C和大的自發極化強度P_s, 以及較高的壓電系數d₃₃, 近年來受到了廣泛關注, 且被認為是一種有潛力替代鉛基壓電陶瓷的無鉛壓電陶瓷體系. 本文主要綜述近幾年來國內外有關BF-BT基陶瓷的相結構和壓電性能, 以及磁性能等方面的研究進展和動向, 并嘗試分析了該陶瓷體系在實用化的道路上存在的迫切需要解決的問題.
- 無鉛壓電陶瓷 /
- 鐵酸鉍 /
- 鈦酸鋇 /
- 居里溫度 /
- 鐵電體
Abstract: Piezoelectric materials are functional materials that can realize electromechanical coupling characteristics and are widely used in electronic information, sensors, ultrasonic transducer, nondestructive testing, and communication technology. However, the current dominant piezoelectric ceramics are lead zirconium titanate systems. These systems contain lead, which is a toxic element, and the content of lead oxide or lead tetroxide in lead-based piezoelectric ceramics is over 60%. Because of the volatile and water-soluble characteristics of lead, the production and disposal of traditional lead-based piezoelectric ceramics will result in different levels of lead pollution, which will severely harm the environment and human health. With the improvement of environmental protection and the sustainable development of human society, the harmful effects of lead-based piezoelectric ceramics have aroused increasing attention. Countries around the world have introduced legislation to ban or restrict the use of lead-based ceramics. Thus, lead-free piezoelectric ceramics have received much attention because they are environment-friendly and pollution-free. In the last decade, countries worldwide invested a large amount of funds and labor to search and develop environment-friendly lead-free piezoelectric ceramics, which can be used to replace lead-based piezoelectric ceramics in actuators, transducers, and sensors. In recent years, BiFeO₃-BaTiO₃ (BF-BT) lead-free solid solutions, which are considered as one of the most promising candidates for high-temperature piezoelectric applications, have received extensive attention from researchers because of their high-Curie temperature (T_C) and large spontaneous polarization (P_s), as well as high piezoelectric coefficient (d₃₃). This paper mainly reviewed recent advances in BF-BT ceramics, including the phase structure and piezoelectric property, as well as the magnetic property. In addition, the problems that need to be solved before these ceramics can be practically applied were also analyzed according to the knowledge of the authors.
- Lead-free piezoelectric ceramics /
- bismuth ferrite /
- barium titanate /
- Curie temperature /
- ferroelectric

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圖 1 (1-x)BF-xBT無鉛壓電陶瓷相圖(a)^[8]和隨x含量變化的X射線衍射圖(b)^[10]

Figure 1. Phase diagram (a) of (1-x)BF-xBT lead-free piezoelectric ceramics^[8], and X-ray diffraction patterns (b) of (1-x)BF-xBT with different x contents^[10]

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圖 2 BF-BT陶瓷中氧化的摻雜量與d₃₃的關系圖

Figure 2. Relation between the amount of oxide and d₃₃ in BF-BT ceramics

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圖 3 BF-BT陶瓷中A位離子取代的含量與d₃₃之間的關系圖

Figure 3. Relation between the amount of A-site ion substitution and d₃₃ in BF-BT ceramics

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圖 4 BF-BT陶瓷中B位離子取代的含量與d₃₃之間的關系圖

Figure 4. Relation between the amount of B-site ion substitution and d₃₃ in BF-BT ceramics

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圖 5 (1-x)BF-xBT陶瓷的磁滯回線(a)，剩磁M_r和矯頑場H_c隨x含量的變化圖(b)^[35]

Figure 5. M-H loops hysteresis loops (a) of (1-x)BF-xBT (0.24 mol≤x≤0.34 mol) ceramics, and the variations curves (b) of remnant magnetization M_r and coercive field H_c with x for (1-x)BF-xBT ceramics ^[35]

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