演化博弈與資源配置綜述

張艷玲; 莫廷鈺; 李松濤; 張妍; 李擎

doi:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2020.10.26.002

演化博弈與資源配置綜述

doi: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2020.10.26.002

張艷玲^{1, 2},
莫廷鈺¹,
李松濤¹,
張妍¹,
李擎^{1, 2, ,}

1.
北京科技大學自動化學院，北京 100083
2.
工業過程知識自動化教育部重點實驗室，北京 100083

基金項目: 國家自然科學基金青年基金資助項目（61603036）

詳細信息

通訊作者:
E-mail: liqing@ies.ustb.edu.cn

中圖分類號: TG142.71
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出版歷程
- 收稿日期: 2020-10-26
- 網絡出版日期: 2021-01-20
- 刊出日期: 2022-01-08

A survey of evolutionary game and resource allocation

ZHANG Yan-ling^{1, 2},
MO Ting-yu¹,
LI Song-tao¹,
ZHANG Yan¹,
LI Qing^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
School of Automation and Electrical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Knowledge Automation for Industrial Processes, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China

More Information

Corresponding author: E-mail: liqing@ies.ustb.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 復雜網絡上集群行為的研究是多學科交叉的熱點，行為學實驗不僅證實了集群行為的普遍存在性，而且證實了利用演化論解釋集群行為涌現的合理性。復雜網絡上演化博弈理論已取得長足發展，特別是在兩策略競爭理論分析方法上取得突破性進展。首先介紹了演化博弈框架下合作演化機制的相關研究，詳細總結了近年來被廣泛關注的個體異質性和環境反饋對于合作演化的影響研究；其次闡述了五種復雜網絡上演化博弈的理論分析方法，包括最近提出的適用于任意網絡結構和更新規則的溯祖隨機游走理論；再次給出了基于最后通牒博弈模型的資源配置問題研究；最后總結了復雜網絡最后通牒博弈所面臨的挑戰及未來發展趨勢。
- 復雜網絡 /
- 演化 /
- 合作 /
- 最后通牒博弈 /
- 資源配置
Abstract: Evolutionary game theory involves multiple disciplinary sciences and has enormous scientific value and promising applicability. Collective behavior is an important topic of interdisciplinary study. Ethology has shown the ubiquity of collective behavior and has proven the rationality of evolutionary theory in explaining the emergence of collective behavior. The recent development of complex network theory offers a convenient framework for describing game interactions and competition relationships among individuals. The combination of evolutionary games and complex networks, particularly, evolutionary game theory in a complex network, has been attracting growing interest from different fields. It has undergone substantial development, especially in quantitative analysis of two-strategy competition. Under this framework, the complex network represents the population structure, and the game describes interactions between individuals. On the basis of the methodology from network science, stochastic process, and statistical physics, the framework mainly focuses on how population structures, individual behavior patterns, and interacting environments influence the emergence of collective behavior. In this paper, the mechanisms for the evolution of cooperation were given under the framework of evolutionary game, including kin selection, direct reciprocity, indirect reciprocity, network reciprocity, and group selection. Recently, the effects of individual heterogeneity and environmental feedback on cooperation had attracted growing interest. Next, five main theoretical methods were addressed for analyzing the evolutionary game in complex networks, including the $ \sigma $- dominance rule, the coalescing theory, the pairwise approximation, the coalescing random walk theory, and the adaptive dynamics. Particularly, the recently proposed coalescing random walk theory is suitable for analyzing the dynamics of any network structure and any update rule. Then, the studies on the evolution of fairness in ultimatum games were presented, and reasonable resource allocation is the key factor for social stability, economic development, and individual health. Finally, the challenges and further directions of studying ultimatum games in a complex network were summarized.
- complex networks /
- evolution /
- cooperation /
- ultimatum game /
- resources allocation

HTML全文

圖 1 五大促進合作涌現的機制^[34]。（a）親緣選擇；（b）直接互惠；（c）間接互惠；（d）群組選擇；（e）網絡互惠

Figure 1. Five mechanisms for the emergence of cooperation^[34]: (a) kin selection; (b) direct reciprocity; (c) indirect reciprocity; (d) group selection; (e) network reciprocity

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 2 常見的網絡結構^[59-60]。（a）規則網絡；（b）小世界網絡；（c）無標度網絡；（d）社團結構網絡

Figure 2. Common network structures^[59-60]: (a) regular network; (b) small-world network; (c) scale-free network; (d) group-structed network

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

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