Mathematical relationship between the solid flux of deep cone thickener, flocculant unit consumption, and slurry concentration
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摘要: 深錐濃密機的面積或占地大小主要由其固體通量決定。通過量筒靜態沉降實驗，計算得到深錐濃密機固體通量，分析了絮凝劑單耗、料漿濃度對深錐濃密機固體通量的影響，得到了兩種因素對深錐濃密機固體通量的影響規律。結果表明，尾礦在5～30 g·t?1的絮凝劑單耗下，基本呈現二次函數關系；料漿的固相質量分數為6%～26%時，固體通量呈現先增大后減小的趨勢，與實驗所得的規律相契合。通過對絮凝劑單耗和料漿濃度耦合效應下的固體通量方程回歸分析，得到三者之間的數學關系，進而確定二者對固體通量的貢獻為：料漿濃度>絮凝劑單耗。結合絮凝劑及料漿濃度對固體通量的影響分析，總結了絮凝劑單耗和料漿濃度貢獻值不同的原因。最后，結合單因素和耦合條件下的數學方程，對深錐濃密機的設計和運行提出工程建議。在深錐濃密機運行過程中，需要優先保證料漿濃度，其次是絮凝劑單耗。Abstract: Tailings thickening is an important process of paste filling technology. At present, a deep cone thickener is often used for tailings thickening. The sedimentation rate of tailings affects the solid flux of the deep cone thickener and determines the area occupied by the deep cone thickener. At present, the addition of flocculant to tailings has become a common practice to improve the efficiency of tailings thickening. Thus, the influence of various factors on the solid flux of the deep cone thickener needs to be investigated. In this study, the solid flux of the deep cone thickener was calculated through the static sedimentation experiment of the graduated cylinder, and the influence law of the flocculant unit consumption and slurry concentration on the solid flux of the deep cone thickener was analyzed, and the influence of the two factors on the solid flux of the deep cone thickener was determined. Results showed that the tailings exhibit a quadratic function relationship when the flocculant unit consumption is 5–30 g·t?1. At 6%–26% solid mass fraction of slurry, the solid flux first increases and then decreases, which is consistent with the experiment. The regression analysis of the solid flux equation under the coupling effect of flocculant unit consumption and slurry concentration shows that the contribution of the two factors to solid flux is slurry concentration > flocculant unit consumption. Based on the analysis of the influence of flocculant unit consumption and slurry concentration on solid flux, the reasons for the different contribution values of flocculant unit consumption and slurry concentration were summarized. According to the mathematical relationship between flocculant unit consumption, slurry concentration, and solid flux obtained from the research, engineering suggestions for the design and operation of the deep cone thickener were proposed. During the operation of the deep cone thickener, the slurry concentration should be guaranteed first, followed by the flocculant unit consumption.
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圖 2 自制砂漿攪拌裝置混合、沉降過程
Figure 2. Mixing and settling processes by homemade mortar mixing unit
圖 3 不同絮凝劑單耗與固體通量關系
Figure 3. Relationship between solid fluxes per unit consumption of different flocculants
圖 4 不同料漿濃度與固體通量關系
Figure 4. Relationships between different slurry concentrations and solid fluxes
表 1 全尾砂基本物理性質
Table 1. Basic physical properties of full tailings
True density/
(t·m?3)Unit weight/
(t·m?3)Porosity/
%Theoretical
saturation/%2.75 1.64 40.36 80.25 
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表 2 不同絮凝劑單耗實驗配料表
Table 2. Experimental ingredient list for different flocculant unit consumptions
Order number Quality of tailings/g Quality of water/g Flocculant unit consumptions/(g·t?1) Flocculant addition/g 1 110 890 5 0.183 2 110 890 10 0.367 3 110 890 15 0.550 4 110 890 20 0.733 5 110 890 25 0.917 6 110 890 30 1.100
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表 3 配料表
Table 3. Ingredient list
Order number Mass fraction
of solid
phase/%Quality
of tailings/
gQuality of
water/gFlocculant unit
consumptions/
(g·t?1)Flocculant
addition/g1 6 60 940 15 0.3 2 11 110 890 15 0.55 3 16 160 840 15 0.8 4 21 210 790 15 1.05 5 26 260 740 15 1.3 6 6 60 940 20 0.4 7 11 110 890 20 0.73 8 16 160 840 20 1.07 9 21 210 790 20 1.4 10 26 260 740 20 1.73
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表 4 不同絮凝劑單耗絮凝沉降實驗結果及固體通量計算結果
Table 4. Results of flocculation and sedimentation experiments with different flocculants and solid flux calculations
Order number Flocculant unit consumptions/
(g·t?1)Initial height/
mmTime of settlement/s Height of settlement/
mmSolid flux/
(t·d?1·m?2)1 5 268 5 235 61.753 2 10 268 5 205 117.89 3 15 268 5 180 164.67 4 20 268 5 160 202.1 5 25 268 5 155 211.46 6 30 268 5 150 220.81
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中文字幕在线观看表 5 不同料漿濃度絮凝沉降實驗結果及固體通量計算結果
Table 5. Results of flocculation and sedimentation experiments with different slurry concentrations and calculation of solid fluxes
Order number Mass
fraction
of solid
phase/%Flocculant unit
consumptions/
(g·t?1)Initial height/
mmTime of
settlement/sHeight of
settlement/mmSolid
flux/
(t·d?1·
m?2)1 6 15 276 5 190 84.877 2 11 15 268 5 180 164.67 3 16 15 260 5 203 160.64 4 21 15 249 5 209 153.4 5 26 15 243 5 213 147.87 6 6 20 276 5 155 119.42 7 11 20 268 5 150 220.81 8 16 20 260 5 190 197.28 9 21 20 249 5 199 191.75 10 26 20 243 5 206 182.37
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