釩對高鐵制動盤鋼中碳化物析出及力學性能的影響

吳丹; 王福明; 程錦; 李長榮

doi:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2018.01.009

釩對高鐵制動盤鋼中碳化物析出及力學性能的影響

doi: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2018.01.009

吳丹¹,
王福明^1, ,,
程錦¹,
李長榮²

1) 北京科技大學冶金與生態工程學院, 北京 100083
2) 北京科技大學材料科學與工程學院, 北京 100083

基金項目:

國家自然科學基金資助項目（51674020）

詳細信息

中圖分類號: TG142.1
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出版歷程
- 收稿日期: 2017-08-12

Effect of V on carbide precipitation behavior and mechanical properties of brake disc steel for high-speed trains

1) School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
2) School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China

摘要

摘要: 隨著列車時速不斷提高，制動盤承受的熱負荷不斷增大，這對制動盤材料提出了更高的要求.為了提高制動盤鋼的機械性能及耐熱疲勞性，釩元素被添加到制動盤鋼中.本文研究了不同淬火溫度時V含量對Cr-Mo-V系制動盤鋼組織及力學性能的影響，并通過Thermo-Calc熱力學軟件、碳復型、透射電鏡、能譜分析等方法對不同V含量時析出相的演變規律進行研究.結果表明，增加釩含量使高溫析出的V（C，N）含量增加，細化奧氏體晶粒和回火馬氏體組織.淬-回火態析出相主要為V（C，N）、（Mo，V）C、M₇C₃和M₂₃C₆.隨釩含量增加，大尺寸M₂₃C₆和M₇C₃的析出被抑制，對韌性損害降低；小尺寸（Mo，V）C含量增多，析出強化效果增強.淬火溫度為880~900℃時，增加釩含量能細化馬氏體和減少大尺寸碳化物，彌補了析出強化對韌性的損害，故沖擊功變化不大.淬火溫度為920~940℃時，提高釩含量促使（Mo，V）C量急劇增加，沖擊功快速下降.實驗鋼淬火溫度不應超過900℃.
- 制動盤鋼 /
- 析出相 /
- 釩 /
- 顯微組織 /
- 淬火溫度
Abstract: With the increasing speed of high-speed trains, the brake disc heat load has also been increasing, particularly during emergency braking. Therefore, to address such issues, strict requirements for brake disc materials are suggested. Thus, the addition of V was implemented to improve the mechanical properties and thermal fatigue performance of brake disc steel. The effect of V on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Cr-Mo-V steel for brake discs at different quenching temperatures was investigated. The precipitation behavior of carbides at different V levels was also investigated through thermodynamics calculation using the Thermo-Calc software, carbon replica, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The results indicate that the amount of V(C, N), which precipitates at high temperatures, increases; therefore, the austenite grains and martensite packets are refined. The precipitates in the tested steels after being quenched and tempered are mainly V(C, N),(Mo,V) C, M₇C₃, and M₂₃C₆. With an increase in V content, the precipitation of large size carbides, such as M₂₃C₆ and M₇C₃, is suppressed; therefore, its negative effect on toughness is reduced. With the increase in the amount of small-size (Mo,V) C, the precipitation strengthening effect is enhanced. When the quenching temperature is in the range of 880-900℃, the increments of vanadium content could refine martensite and reduce the content of large size carbides, which negatively affect toughness. Therefore, the impact energy changes little. When the quenching temperature is in the range of 920-940℃, increasing the vanadium content results in a significant increase in the (Mo, V) C content; therefore, the impact energy drops rapidly. Thus, it is concluded that the quenching temperature of tested steel should not exceed 900℃.
- brake disc steel /
- precipitates /
- vanadium /
- microstructure /
- quenching temperature

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