基于RA與AF值的聲發射指標在隧道監測中的可行性

吳順川; 甘一雄; 任義; 鄭立夫

doi:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.06.28.001

基于RA與AF值的聲發射指標在隧道監測中的可行性

doi: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.06.28.001

吳順川^{1, 2},
甘一雄^1, ,,
任義¹,
鄭立夫¹

1.
北京科技大學金屬礦山高效開采與安全教育部重點實驗室，北京 100083
2.
昆明理工大學國土資源工程學院，昆明 650093

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通訊作者:
E-mail：b20140014@xs.ustb.edu.cn

中圖分類號: TU94
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出版歷程
- 收稿日期: 2019-06-28
- 刊出日期: 2020-06-01

Feasibility research of AE monitoring index in tunnel based on RA and AF

WU Shun-chuan^{1, 2},
GAN Yi-xiong^{1
, ,},
REN Yi¹,
ZHENG Li-fu¹

1.
Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mine, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
2.
Faculty of Land Resource Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China

More Information

Corresponding author: E-mail: b20140014@xs.ustb.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 基于華鎣山隧道掘進爆破過程中的聲發射監測結果，對比了上升時間/振幅比值(RA)與平均頻率(AF)在不同傳播距離下的分布規律，結果表明，隨傳感器與震源間距離增加，RA最大值增加，AF的分布范圍基本不變。為驗證基于RA與AF值描述巖體破裂情況的有效性，研究了RA/AF比值r在破裂過程中的變化規律以及r的變異系數的發展規律，并與常用的參數指標絕對能量、b值等參數進行對比驗證。本文提出了3種變異系數（CV）計算方法，對比計算結果并探討了各方法的適用條件。由計算結果可知，r值變異系數能夠較好地描述巖體中的破裂發展過程，其中CV₁計算方法適用于聲發射信號較離散的情況，而CV₃的計算方法更適用于存在連續聲發射信號的圍巖監測。
- 聲發射 /
- 隧道監測 /
- 參數分析 /
- RA/AF值 /
- 變異系數
Abstract: Risetime/amplitude (RA) and average frequency (AF) have been usually used for qualitative analysis of fracture mechanism in acoustic emission (AE) monitoring. However, regardless whether fracture is shear or tensile in macroscopic view, it can be observed in laboratory experiments that the AE signals of shear increases when it is close to the failure stage of specimens. Therefore, RA and AF may also have the potential in indicating the violent reputure of rock. Furthermore, as the value of RA would increase with the distance within some limits, the observed RA and AF would be closer to the shear feature, which means the index is relatively safer under attenuation and is appropriate for in-situ monitoring. Based on the data monitoring of Huayingshan Tunnel, Yuguang Expressway during the construction process, the distributions of RA and AF on positions of different distances of the seismic source were compared. Results show that the maximum value of RA increases distinctly with the distance increase between the sensors and the seismic source, whereas the distribution of values of AF are nearly the same at different distances. To verify the validity of RA and AF in indicating the rupture of rock, parameter r of RA/AF ratio was set and the time history of r and coefficient of variation (CV) of r during the rupture process were studied and compared with other regular indexes, such as absolute energy and b value. The variation of CV could describe the intense rupture of rock properly and the analysis of CV could get a safer evaluation result especially when dealing with small-scale failure in rock mass. To find the best statistical method of CV, three statistical methods of CV were compared and results show that the CV of r can well illustrate the rock rupture, CV₁ is more suitable for situations that the AE signals vary and are discrete, and CV₃ is appropriate for monitoring of continuous AE signals.
- acoustic emission /
- tunnel monitoring /
- parameters analysis /
- RA/AF /
- coefficient of variation

HTML全文

圖 1 預留傳感器安裝孔。（a）拱頂安裝孔；（b）拱腰安裝孔

Figure 1. Reserved cave for sensor attaching: (a) reserved cave on the top; (b) reserved cave on the wall

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 2 同次爆破不同距離下聲發射RA與AF值分布。（a）破裂分類判據；（b）距離6 m；（c）距離12 m；（d）距離18 m

Figure 2. Distribution of RA and AF of AE signals at different distances from the source during a certain blasting: (a) criteria for fracture classification; (b) distance of 6 m; (c) distance of 12 m; (d) distance of 18 m

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 3 同次爆破不同距離下聲發射參數隨時間的變化。（a）絕對能量與b值；（b）距離6 m；（c）距離12 m；（d）距離18 m

Figure 3. Evolution of AE parameters and indices at different distances from the source during a certain blasting: (a) absolute energy and b value; (b) distance of 6 m; (c) distance of 12 m; (d) distance of 18 m

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 4 不同距離下r值變異系數隨時間的變化

Figure 4. Time history of CV of r at different distances

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 5 掌子面爆破不同參數指標統計對比結果。（a）絕對能量與b值；（b）CV₁統計結果；（c）CV₂統計結果；（d）CV₃統計結果

Figure 5. Time history of AE parameters and indices during driving blasting of tunnel face: (a) absolute energy and b value; (b) time history of CV₁; (c) time history of CV₂; (d) time history of CV₃

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

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