Effect of induction heating temperature on the interface of cold?hot-rolled titanium/steel composite plates
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摘要: 對鈦/鋼組坯進行冷軋預復合成形，將鈦/鋼預復合板感應加熱至熱軋溫度后單道次熱軋成形制備了鈦/鋼復合板，研究了感應加熱溫度對鈦/鋼復合板的界面組織和界面結合性能的影響。結果表明，冷?熱軋制復合法制備的鈦/鋼復合板的界面結合緊密，沒有孔洞和間隙。鈦/鋼復合板由于感應加熱和熱軋的時間較短（<5 s），鈦/鋼界面僅有少量硬化層碎塊，沒有金屬間化合物析出。鈦/鋼復合板的界面Ti和Fe元素擴散層寬度隨感應加熱溫度增大而增大，950 ℃時界面擴散層寬度達到8 μm。在感應加熱溫度為750 ~ 950 ℃的條件下，鈦/鋼復合板的界面結合良好。Abstract: Titanium/steel composite plates are widely used in petrochemical equipment, seawater desalination equipment, nuclear power equipment, ocean engineering, and other fields owing to the excellent corrosion resistance of titanium and low steel cost. Various methods have been adopted for manufacturing titanium/steel composite plates, which include explosive bonding, explosive-rolling bonding, diffusion bonding, and hot rolling bonding. Among these techniques, hot rolling bonding method enables the production of large-sized titanium/steel composite plates with high efficiency, low pollution, and low energy consumption. However, electron beam welding of billets is required to prevent interface oxidation and the formation of brittle compounds such as TiC, FeTi, and Fe2Ti on the interface, which may cause the degradation of mechanical properties of titanium/steel composite plates. In this study, the precomposite formation of billets was done through cold rolling and the titanium/steel composite plates were prepared via single pass hot rolling after induction heating to the hot rolling temperature. The effect of induction heating temperature on the interfacial structure and bonding properties of titanium/steel composite plates was studied. The results show that the interface of titanium/steel composite plates prepared by the cold–hot rolling composite method is tightly bonded without holes and gaps. The short induction heating and hot rolling time (<5 s) are insufficient for the formation of intermetallic compounds on the carbon steel side of the composite plates, yielding only a small number of blocky hardened layers at the titanium/steel interface. Higher induction heating temperature results in wider Ti and Fe element diffusion layer at the interface, with the maximum width of 8 μm obtained at 950 ℃. The titanium/steel composite plates in this study achieved good metallurgical bonding with induction heating temperatures of 750 ℃ to 950 ℃.
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圖 1 冷–熱軋制成形鈦/鋼復合板工藝流程示意圖
Figure 1. Process diagram of cold–hot roll bonded titanium/steel composite plates
圖 3 不同感應加熱溫度下制備的鈦/鋼復合板的界面組織形貌。（a） 750 ℃；（b） 950 ℃
Figure 3. Interfacial microstructure of titanium/steel composite plates prepared at different induction heating temperatures: (a) 750 ℃; (b) 950 ℃
圖 4 鈦/鋼復合板界面的X射線衍射物相圖譜
Figure 4. XRD phase patterns of the longitudinal section of titanium/steel composite plates for different induction heating temperatures
圖 5 不同感應加熱溫度下制備的鈦/鋼復合板界面附近的硬度分布
Figure 5. Hardness distribution near the interface of titanium/steel composite plates prepared at different induction heating temperatures
圖 6 不同感應加熱溫度下制備的鈦/鋼復合板界面處的顯微硬度壓痕形貌。（a）750 ℃；（b）850 ℃；（c）950 ℃
Figure 6. Interfacial hardness indentation morphology of titanium/steel composite plates prepared at different induction heating temperatures: (a) 750 ℃; (b) 850 ℃; (c) 950 ℃
圖 7 不同感應加熱溫度下制備的鈦/鋼復合板的界面元素擴散距離
Figure 7. Interfacial element diffusion distances of titanium steel composite plates prepared at different induction heating temperatures
圖 8 不同感應加熱溫度下制備的鈦/鋼復合板的裂紋萌生時的彎曲角
Figure 8. Bending angles during the crack initiation of titanium steel composite plates prepared at different induction heating temperatures
圖 9 不同感應加熱溫度下制備的鈦/鋼復合板的界面裂紋萌生形貌。（a）750 ℃；（b）850 ℃；（c）950 ℃
Figure 9. Interface morphology during the crack initiation of titanium/steel composite plates prepared at different induction heating temperatures: (a) 750 ℃; (b) 850 ℃; (c) 950 ℃
圖 10 不同感應加熱溫度下制備的鈦/鋼復合板剝離面形貌。（a，b）750 ℃；（c，d）850 ℃；（e，f）950 ℃
Figure 10. Peeling surface microstructure of titanium/steel composite plates prepared at different induction heating temperatures: (a, b) 750 ℃; (c, d) 850 ℃; (e, f) 950 ℃
表 1 原材料的化學成分（質量分數）
Table 1. Chemical composition of experimental TA2 and Q235
% TA2 Q235 Fe C N H O Others Ti C Si Mn S P Fe <0.30 <0.08 <0.03 <0.015 <0.25 <0.4 Bal. 0.12–0.20 0.19–0.30 0.30–0.70 ≤0.45 ≤0.045 Bal. 
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中文字幕在线观看Point Ti Fe C 1 83.57 1.73 14.7 2 4.13 95.87 ― 3 81.97 0.65 17.38 4 0.83 61.17 38.01 5 92.04 1.51 6.54 6 0.49 88.83 10.68
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